Could acid base extraction be used to isolate the aspirin in Excedrin from the other active ingredients?
Excedrin is over-the-counter analgesic containing the active ingredients aspirin (ASP), caffeine (CAF), and acetaminophen (ACE) that can be separated through acid-base extraction.
How do you separate caffeine from aspirin and acetaminophen?
Therefore, the aspirin and caffeine in the filtrate can be separated by extraction either with acid, which will remove the caffeine as a water-soluble salt, or by extraction with base, which will remove the aspirin as a water-soluble salt.
Why is aspirin in the aqueous layer?
The organic solution of the active ingredients is then treated with an aqueous solution of a weak base to make the aspirin water soluble so that the aspirin transfers to the aqueous layer.
What is acid base extraction used for?
Acid-base extraction is typically used to separate organic compounds from each other based on their acid-base properties. The method rests on the assumption that most organic compounds are more soluble in organic solvents than they are in water.
What is acetylsalicylic acid?
Also known as Aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is a commonly used drug for the treatment of pain and fever due to various causes. Acetylsalicylic acid has both anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects.
How does pH affect aspirin?
The correlation between pH and concentration of released aspirin without hydrogel is shown in Figure 1. The concentration of released aspirin increases as pH decreases. In the basic mediums; pH more than 8, aspirin cannot be dissociated and the concentration of released aspirin in such medium equals almost zero.
Is acetaminophen soluble in HCl?
Acetaminophen, a very weak organic acid (pKa =9.5) is expected to be essentially non-ionized at physiological pH (both at 0.1 M HCl and pH 7.4 buffer). Acetaminophen solubility does not vary from pH 1.2-8.0 corresponding to the in vivo range in the GIT.
What is the acid-base extraction procedure?
In acid-base extraction, a solute is transformed into an ionic compound and transferred from an organic phase to an aqueous phase. A common example of extraction is the brewing coffee or tea. The solid phase, which contains the caffeine, plant flavors, and odors, is extracted by the hot water into the liquid phase.
How do you make aspirin with salicylic acid?
To prepare aspirin, salicylic acid is reacted with an excess of acetic anhydride. A small amount of a strong acid is used as a catalyst which speeds up the reaction. In this experiment, sulfuric acid will be used as the catalyst. The excess acetic anhydride will be quenched (reacted) with the addition of water.
Is aspirin acidic or alkaline?
Aspirin itself is an acidic medicine and causes gastric irritation and regurgitation which can lead to low oral pH levels [7].
Does aspirin aggravate acid reflux?
However, aspirin therapy has a side effect — it stresses the lining of the stomach and can cause heartburn, gastroesophageal reflux disease, even bleeding.
Why does salicylic acid make aspirin less effective?
The anti‐inflammatory activity of aspirin is due to its major metabolite, salicylic acid,22 yet salicylic acid is inactive against COX in either broken cells or purified enzyme preparations. It was, however, found to be a weak inhibitor of both COX isoforms in intact cells.