What is a ligand activated transcription factor?
Definition: A DNA-binding transcription factor activity regulated by binding to a ligand and that modulates the transcription of specific gene sets.
What is an active transcription factor?
Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) belongs to the family of basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins that are characterized by the presence of a basic domain that functions as the DNA-binding domain and a leucine zipper domain that is required for dimerization.
How is a transcription factor activated?
Transcription factor activation is complex and may involve multiple intracellular signal transduction pathways, including the kinases PKA, MAPKs, JAKs, and PKCs, stimulated by cell-surface receptors [8, 9]. Transcription factors may also be directly activated by ligands such as glucocorticoids and vitamins A and D [5].
How do activators and repressors affect transcription?
Transcription factors that are activators boost a gene’s transcription. Repressors decrease transcription. Groups of transcription factor binding sites called enhancers and silencers can turn a gene on/off in specific parts of the body.
What are repressors and activators?
A regulator protein that turns genes ON when it binds DNA is called an “activator protein,” and a regulator protein that turns genes OFF when it binds DNA is a “repressor protein.”
Is an activator a transcription factor?
A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases transcription of a gene or set of genes. Activators are considered to have positive control over gene expression, as they function to promote gene transcription and, in some cases, are required for the transcription of genes to occur.
What is the primary function of transcription factors?
What is a primary function of transcription factors? They control gene expression.
Why is called Pribnow box?
It is named after David Pribnow and Heinz Schaller.
What is a DNA binding transcription factor?
A DNA-binding transcription factor activity regulated by binding to a ligand and that modulates the transcription of specific gene sets. Examples include the lac and trp repressors in E.coli and steroid hormone receptors.
What is the function of the activator in transcription?
Illustration of an activator. In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence.
What is ATF (Activating transcription factor)?
Activating transcription factor, ATF, is a group of bZIP transcription factors, which act as homodimers or heterodimers with a range of other bZIP factors. First, they have been described as members of the CREB/ATF family, whereas it turned out later that some of them might be more similar to AP-1-like factors such as c-Jun or c-Fos.
How do transcription factors interact with other proteins to regulate genes?
In many cases, a transcription factor needs to compete for binding to its DNA binding site with other transcription factors and histones or non-histone chromatin proteins. Pairs of transcription factors and other proteins can play antagonistic roles (activator versus repressor) in the regulation of the same gene .