What is the technical name for HIV?
HIV is the human immunodeficiency virus. It is the virus that can lead to acquired immune deficiency syndrome, or AIDS.
What does HIV stand for ART?
Key Points. The treatment for HIV is called antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART involves taking a combination of HIV medicines (called an HIV treatment regimen) every day. ART is recommended for everyone who has HIV.
What are the parts of HIV?
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) belongs to the Family Retroviridae and consists of two basic components: a core of ribonucleic acid (RNA), called the genome, and a protein component that surrounds the genome, called a capsid.
What are the 7 steps of HIV?
The seven stages of the HIV life cycle are: 1) binding, 2) fusion, 3) reverse transcription, 4) integration, 5) replication, 6) assembly, and 7) budding. To understand each stage in the HIV life cycle, it helps to first imagine what HIV looks like.
What are CD4 cells?
CD4 cells, also known as T cells, are white blood cells that fight infection and play an important role in your immune system. A CD4 count is used to check the health of the immune system in people infected with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus).
What is ART medical terms?
The medicines that treat HIV are called antiretroviral drugs. There are more than two dozen of them, and they fall into seven main types. Each drug fights the virus in your body in a slightly different way.
What does Nrti stand for?
NRTI = nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NNRTI = nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI = protease inhibitor.
What is ATT in medical term?
Abbreviations ART: Antiretroviral therapy; ATT: Anti-tuberculosis…
What is CD4 +/ CD8+ ratio?
The CD4/CD8 ratio is one of the blood tests used to monitor your immune system if you have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It compares the proportion of so-called “helper” CD4 T cells to “killer” CD8 T cells, the value of which can help predict the likely course of the disease.
How do you read CD4 results?
1. 9 Interpreting CD4 results: CD4 count and CD4 percentage
- A CD4 count above 500 is considered “normal”.
- A CD4 count below 350 shows HIV has damaged your immune system.
- If the count is less than 200 your risk of serious infections becomes much higher.
What does Nnrti and NRTI mean?
Nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NARTIs or NRTIs) Nucleotide analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NtARTIs or NtRTIs) Non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor (NRTTIs).
What is Nnrti and NRTI?
So NRTIs are like another zip giving the zipper another track to follow. NNRTIs work by sitting in a binding site in the virus structure and this is a bit like having an object that blocks the teeth of the zipper, so the zipper cannot get past the block.
What is the full form of INH?
Isoniazid, also known as isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH), is an antibiotic used for the treatment of tuberculosis. For active tuberculosis it is often used together with rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and either streptomycin or ethambutol.
What is the full form of Rntcp?
The Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP), based on the internationally recommended Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) strategy, was launched in 1997 expanded across the country in a phased manner with support from World Bank and other development partners.
What is difference between CD4 and CD8?
The main difference between CD4 and CD8 T cells is that the CD4 T cells are the helper T cells, which assist other blood cells to produce an immune response, whereas the CD8 T cells are the cytotoxic T cells that induce cell death either by lysis or apoptosis.
What is a normal T cell count?
What do the results mean? According to HIV.gov, a healthy T cell count should be between 500 and 1,600 T cells per cubic millimeter of blood (cells/mm3).
What is the medical term for HIV/AIDS?
Glossary of HIV/AIDS Terms. The period following infection when there is rapid production of virus. An estimated 80% to 90% of individuals with primary HIV infection develop an acute syndrome (disorder) characterized by flulike symptoms of fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, headache, aching muscles, and sometimes skin rash.
What does high viral load mean for HIV?
The viral load is the level of HIV in a person’s blood. It’s expressed as copies of HIV per milliliter (mL) of blood. If a person’s viral load is high, their CD4 count is low. This term refers to a couple in which both partners have HIV.
What are the signs and symptoms of primary HIV infection?
An estimated 80% to 90% of individuals with primary HIV infection develop an acute syndrome (disorder) characterized by flulike symptoms of fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, headache, aching muscles, and sometimes skin rash.
What does Alt mean in HIV?
Glossary of HIV/AIDS Terms. A liver enzyme that plays a role in protein metabolism. Abnormally high blood levels of ALT are a sign of liver inflammation or damage from infection or drugs. A normal level is below approximately 50 IU/L.