What is sodium iodide detector?
NaI(Tl) detectors The thallium-activated sodium iodide detector, or NaI(Tl) detector, responds to the gamma ray by producing a small flash of light, or a scintillation. The scintillation occurs when scintillator electrons, excited by the energy of the photon, return to their ground state.
Which detector has best energy resolution?
Planar detectors usually achieve the best energy resolution, because of their low capacitance; they are preferred for detailed spectroscopy, such as the analysis of the complex low-energy gamma-ray and x-ray spectra of uranium and plutonium.
What is gamma detector?
Detector. Gamma spectroscopy detectors are passive materials that are able to interact with incoming gamma rays. The most important interaction mechanisms are the photoelectric effect, the Compton effect, and pair production.
How does gamma spectroscopy work?
In gamma-ray spectroscopy, the energy of incident gamma-rays is measured by a detector. By comparing the measured energy to the known energy of gamma-rays produced by radioisotopes, the identity of the emitter can be determined.
Which type of detector is more sensitive to gamma radiation?
Geiger Counter
Detection of Gamma Radiation using Geiger Counter Geiger counter is therefore a much more sensitive device than other chambers. It is often used in the detection of low-level gamma rays and beta particles for this reason.
What instruments are used to detect gamma rays?
The Geiger-Mueller (GM) detector is a common portable instrument choice for a general laboratory radioactive material survey. GM detectors are capable of detecting alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.
Which nuclear detector is best suitable for detection of gamma photon?
Germanium-based semiconductor detectors are most commonly used where a very good energy resolution is required, especially for gamma spectroscopy, as well as x-ray spectroscopy.
What is the resolution of lanthanum bromide (LaBr3) detectors?
High-resolution lanthanum bromide (LaBr3) detectors are presently available for BNC’s SAM III generation and SAM 940 products. These scintillation detectors typically give an energy resolution of 3% at Cs137. Somewhat better resolution (2.8%) has been observed on some detectors but this performance only holds for energies nominally above 100 keV.
What is the melting point of lanthanum (III) bromide?
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).?) Lanthanum (III) bromide (LaBr 3) is an inorganic halide salt of lanthanum. When pure, it is a colorless white powder. The single crystals of LaBr 3 are hexagonal crystals with melting point of 783 °C.
What is cerium activated lanthanum bromide?
It is often used as a source of lanthanum in chemical synthesis and as a scintillation material in certain applications. The scintillator material cerium activated lanthanum bromide (LaBr 3 :Ce) was first produced in 2001.
How to detect la138 with Nai and LaBr3?
The three energy lines are not separated when using NaI detectors (they are typically observed as one wide photo peak with NaI detectors). LaBr3 detectors have a trace of naturally occurring La138 (~0.09%). The most noticeable indication of La138 is an energy line at about 32 keV.