What is Tom Smith arthritis?
Tom Smith arthritis is a pyogenic arthritis of the hip joint that occurs in infancy caused by nontuberculous bacteria. The femoral head at this age is completely cartilaginous and vulnerable to destruction due to infection.
What is the differential diagnosis of septic arthritis?
Aside from gonococcal arthritis or SA in the neonate, polyarthritis is not typically caused by bacteria in the joints. The differential for polyarthritis in children is broad and includes Lyme disease, acute rheumatic fever, serum sickness, Kawasaki disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Henoch-Schönlein purpura.
How does a child get septic arthritis?
These bacteria can enter a child’s body in a variety of ways, including: Infection that spreads from another source inside the body, such as a skin or bone infection adjacent to a joint. Infected wounds. Open fractures, or bones that penetrate through the skin.
What is pyogenic arthritis?
Pyogenic, or septic, arthritis is a serious and painful infection of a joint. It is most often caused by bacteria, such as staphylococcus or streptococcus, but can also be caused by a fungus or virus.
What is the mortality rate of septic arthritis?
Septic arthritis is a medical emergency, and so delayed or inadequate treatment can lead to irreversible joint destruction and thus substantial morbidity and mortality [1–3]. In the literature, the reported mortality rate for SA ranges from 4 to 42 % [13–15], with values as high as 50 % in polyarticular disease [12].
When should you suspect septic arthritis?
you have severe joint pain, usually in just 1 joint, that started suddenly. you have swelling around a joint. the skin around a joint has changed colour. you feel generally unwell and have a high temperature or feel hot and shivery.
What is the most common clinical presentation of a patient with septic arthritis?
Patients will most commonly present with a single swollen joint causing severe pain. Pyrexia will be in around 60% of affected individuals (although its absence should not rule out septic arthritis).
How do you prevent septic arthritis?
It is possible to prevent septic arthritis by avoiding infections, puncture wounds, and damage to the skin.
Is septic arthritis long term?
The average stay in hospital if you have septic arthritis is about 2 weeks. Most people start feeling better quickly once they are given antibiotics.
Can septic arthritis cause amputation?
In a prospective 2-year study of 154 patients (adults and children) by Kaandorp et al, 21% of cases resulted in poor patient outcome (death or severe functional deterioration), and 33% of cases resulted in poor joint outcome (amputation, arthrodesis, prosthetic surgery, or severe functional deterioration).
What mimics septic arthritis?
Clinicians should consider mimics, such as abscess, avascular necrosis, cellulitis, crystal-induced arthropathies, Lyme disease, malignancy, osteomyelitis, reactive arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and transient synovitis.