When rocks suddenly move along a fault the energy released is a?
37 in your textbook). The elastic rebound theory suggests that if slippage along a fault is hindered such that elastic strain energy builds up in the deforming rocks on either side of the fault, when the slippage does occur, the energy released causes an earthquake.
What is a region of numerous closely spaced faults?
Fault zone. A region of numerous, closely spaced faults.
What happens when rocks are deformed along a fault?
When rocks are deformed, they bend and then break, releasing stored energy. When rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake.
What is a fault that is an immobilized state called?
What is a fault that is an immobilized state called? locked. The trembling vibration of an earthquake are caused when. the stress becomes so great that the rocks of a fault suddenly slip past each other. Earthquakes are caused by.
What causes rock deformation?
Rocks become deformed when the Earth’s crust is compressed or stretched. The forces needed to do this act over millions of years – deformation is a very slow process!
Which movement of two rocks along a fault causes an earthquake?
The short answer is that earthquakes are caused by faulting, a sudden lateral or vertical movement of rock along a rupture (break) surface.
Where does strike-slip fault occur?
Strike-slip faults tend to occur along the boundaries of plates that are sliding past each other. This is the case for the San Andreas, which runs along the boundary of the Pacific and North American plates. After a quake along a strike-slip fault, railroad tracks and fences can show bends and shifts.
Which hypothesis states that when rocks are deformed they bend and then break?
Earth Science Chapter 8 Vocabulary
| A | B |
|---|---|
| Elastic rebound hypothesis | an explanation for a possible cause of earthquakes; it says that when rocks are deformed, they first bend, then break, releasing stored energy as they snap back to their original shape |
| Aftershock | smaller earthquakes following a major earthquake |
What is rock deformation?
Within the Earth rocks are continually being subjected to forces that tend to bend them, twist them, or fracture them. When rocks bend, twist or fracture we say that they deform (change shape or size). The forces that cause deformation of rock are referred to as stresses (Force/unit area).
Where does rock deformation occur?
Sometimes the crust can fold and bend in response to stress, leading to ductile deformation, which can occur to rock the closer it is to the Earth’s core, since it becomes more malleable at higher temperatures. Other times, the crust cannot withstand the pressure and will fracture, which is called brittle deformation.
Which is the sudden shaking of the ground that we feel when rock layers suddenly slip past one another to a new position a earthquake B friction C hypocenter D vibration?
An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another. The surface where they slip is called the fault or fault plane.
What is the name of the process at the beginning of an earthquake when rocks above ground change in shape?
The place right above the focus (on top of the ground) is called the epicenter of the earthquake. The short answer is that earthquakes are caused by faulting, a sudden lateral or vertical movement of rock along a rupture (break) surface.
How strike-slip fault is formed?
Strike-slip faults are vertical (or nearly vertical) fractures where the blocks have mostly moved horizontally. The fault motion of a strike-slip fault is caused by shearing forces. If the block on the far side of the fault moves to the left, as shown in this animation, the fault is called left-lateral.
What is a fault in rock?
A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock. Faults allow the blocks to move relative to each other. This movement may occur rapidly, in the form of an earthquake – or may occur slowly, in the form of creep. Faults may range in length from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers.
Which causes the sudden breaking of rocks in faults or cracks in the crust?
Faults are cracks in the earth’s crust along which there is movement. These can be massive (the boundaries between the tectonic plates themselves) or very small. If tension builds up along a fault and then is suddenly released, the result is an earthquake.
What is a fault creep?
Slow, more or less continuous movement occurring on faults due to ongoing tectonic deformation. Faults that are creeping do not tend to have large earthquakes.