What is jaundice Slideshare?
• Jaundice is yellowish discoloration of the skin, sclera and mucous membranes due to hyperbilirubinemia and deposition of bile pigments . • It is usually detectable clinically, when the plasma bilirubin exceeds 50µmol/L(̴3mg/dL) • Jaundice is not a disease, but rather a sign that can occur in many different diseases.
What are the types of obstructive jaundice?
Two types of jaundice (surgical and medical jaundice) Hepatocellular jaundice, caused by a liver condition such as hepatitis and liver cirrhosis; and. Haemolytic jaundice (blood disorder), a result of sudden rapid increase in the breakdown of red blood cells due to thalassaemia, autoimmune disease or malaria.
What is the difference between pathological jaundice and physiological jaundice?
birth almost every newborn has a total serum bili- rubin (TSB) level that exceeds 1 mg/dL (17 mol/L), the upper limit of normal for an adult, and 2 of every 3 newborns are jaundiced to the clinician’s eye, this type of transient bilirubinemia has been called “physiologic jaundice.” When TSB levels exceed a certain …
What is jaundice PDF?
Jaundice is a condition in which the skin, whites of the eyes and mucous membranes turn yellow because of a high level of bilirubin, a yellow-orange bile pigment. Jaundice has many causes, including hepatitis, gallstones and tumors. Bile is fluid secreted by the liver.
What is the difference between physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice?
In most cases, it is a mild, transient, and self-limiting condition and is referred to as “physiological Jaundice.” However, it is imperative to distinguish this from a more severe form called “pathological Jaundice.” Failure to identify and treat this entity may result in bilirubin encephalopathy and associated …
What is conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin?
Some bilirubin is bound to a certain protein (albumin) in the blood. This type of bilirubin is called unconjugated, or indirect, bilirubin. In the liver, bilirubin is changed into a form that your body can get rid of. This is called conjugated bilirubin or direct bilirubin.
What is unconjugated jaundice?
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (albumin-bound) usually results from increased production, impaired hepatic uptake, and decreased conjugation of bilirubin.[1][2] In neonates, jaundice typically occurs due to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, which is characterized by the increased levels of indirect or unconjugated …
What is the difference between indirect and direct bilirubin?
Direct vs Indirect Bilirubin Direct bilirubin is the conjugated form of bilirubin that is obtained as a catabolism product of haemoglobin. Indirect bilirubin is the direct product of the catabolism of haemoglobin. Highly soluble in water.
What is direct vs indirect bilirubin?
Direct bilirubin is the conjugated form of bilirubin that is obtained as a catabolism product of haemoglobin. Indirect bilirubin is the direct product of the catabolism of haemoglobin. Highly soluble in water.
How many zones are there in jaundice?
Kramer’s Rule comprises of five zone as on Figure 4 which described about cephalocaudal progression of jaundice in term infants. It helps in deciding whether the baby is expected to have the serum bilirubin (SBR) measured or not.
What is the difference between direct and conjugated bilirubin?
Direct bilirubin, also known as conjugated bilirubin, is the modified form of the product obtained after the catabolism of haemoglobin. The indirect bilirubin is conjugated with glucuronic acid by the enzyme glucuronyltransferase. This conjugation makes the direct bilirubin less toxic and easy to excrete.