What is Craniocervical dissociation?
Craniocervical dissociation (CCD) is a highly unstable and usually fatal injury resulting from osseoligamentous disruption between the occiput and C-2.
What is atlanto-occipital dissociation?
Introduction: Atlanto-occipital dissociation (AOD) is a rare and unstable injury of the craniocervical junction, associated with very high morbidity and mortality. The most common cause of this injury is high energy trauma with hyperextension of the cranium, such as car accidents.
What is normal craniocervical junction?
The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) comprises the occiput, atlas, and axis and is visible in most magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies of the brain.
What movement does the atlanto-occipital joint allow?
Being an ellipsoid joint, the atlantooccipital joint allows movement in two degrees of freedom. These are flexion-extension and lateral flexion. However the principal movement available at the atlantooccipital joint is that of flexion – extension.
What is Craniocervical dislocation?
Object: Craniocervical dissociation (CCD) is a highly unstable and usually fatal injury resulting from osseoligamentous disruption between the occiput and C-2.
What causes atlanto-occipital dislocation?
Atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) is a devastating condition that frequently results in prehospital cardiorespiratory arrest and accounts for 15% of fatal spinal trauma. Atlanto-occipital dislocation occurs 5 times more commonly in children than adults, and is believed to be caused by hyperextension.
What is the Atlantodental joint?
Introduction. The atlantoaxial joint is a type of synovial joint that is classified as a biaxial, pivot joint. This joint resides in the upper part of the neck between the first and second cervical vertebrae, also known as the atlas and axis, respectively.
What is the Atlantodental space?
AAI is defined as an atlantodental (or atlantodens or atlas-dens) interval (ADI) of greater than 3 mm in adults and of greater than 5 mm in children as measured on plain radiography. The ADI is the distance between the odontoid process and the posterior border of the anterior arch of the atlas.
Where is the Atlantodental joint?
cervical spine
The atlantoaxial joint, or the articulation between the C1 and C2 vertebral bodies, is a unique joint that allows for lateral rotation of the cervical spine.
Can you dislocate your skull?
Atlanto-occipital dislocation, orthopedic decapitation, or internal decapitation describes ligamentous separation of the spinal column from the skull base. It is possible for a human to survive such an injury; however, 70% of cases result in immediate death.
What is Atlantodental interval?
The atlantodental interval (ADI), as the name suggests, is the horizontal distance between the anterior arch of the atlas and the dens of the axis, used in the diagnosis of atlanto-occipital dissociation injuries and injuries of the atlas and axis.
What does C1 C2 and C3 control?
Cervical nerves C1, C2 and C3 control your forward, backward and side head and neck movements. The C2 nerve provides sensation to the upper area of your head; C3 gives sensation to the side of your face and back of your head.
What is the normal Atlantodental interval?
The atlantodental interval (ADI) is a measurement used to evaluate the atlanto-axial relationship. This distance, described by Hinck et al,6 is conventionally held to be normal when it is less than 3 mm in men and 2.5 mm in women.
Where is the Atlantodental interval?
The atlantodental interval (ADI) is measured between the posterior aspect of the anterior atlas ring and the anterior aspect of the odontoid process. The ADI is often constant in distance during movement of the head and generally does not exceed 3 mm for adults and 5 mm for children.