What is atherogenesis and atherosclerosis?
Atherogenesis is the process of forming plaques in the intima layer of arteries. Atherosclerosis is developed progressively with inflammation and lipid accumulation varying significantly among individuals. The accumulation of LDL and the inflammation of the arterial wall is the first stage of atherosclerosis.
What is the link between inflammation and atherosclerosis?
Inflammation plays a major role in all phases of atherosclerosis. Stable plaques are characterized by a chronic inflammatory infiltrate, whereas vulnerable and ruptured plaques are characterized by an “active” inflammation involved in the thinning of the fibrous cap, predisposing the plaque to rupture.
Is atherosclerosis an inflammatory disease?
Atherosclerosis is clearly an inflammatory disease and does not result simply from the accumulation of lipids.
Can autoimmune cause atherosclerosis?
Systemic autoimmune diseases and atherosclerosis share common pathogenic pathways. A chronic inflammatory background mediated by the TLR and inflammasome/IL-1 pathways as seen in auto-inflammatory diseases and endothelial dysfunction are early steps that may lead to the development of atherosclerotic plaques.
What causes atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis is thickening or hardening of the arteries caused by a buildup of plaque in the inner lining of an artery. Risk factors may include high cholesterol and triglyceride levels, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, obesity, physical activity, and eating saturated fats.
What is difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis is a specific type of arteriosclerosis. It happens when plaque, cholesterol, and fatty substances build up in your arteries and cause them to narrow. This buildup can lead to an artery blockage that disrupts blood flow. Atherosclerosis is a slow and gradual disease, but it can worsen quickly.
What are the 3 stages of atherosclerosis?
The formation of the plaque can also be divided into three major stages namely 1) the fatty streak, which represents the initiation 2) plaque progression, which represents adaption and 3) plaque disruption, which represents the clinical complication of atherosclerosis.
Which autoimmune inflammatory conditions have been linked to atherosclerosis?
Recent epidemiologic and pathogenesis studies have suggested a great deal in common between the pathogenesis of prototypic autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and that of atherosclerosis.
What are the two types of atherosclerosis?
There are three recognized types of arteriosclerosis: atherosclerosis, arteriolosclerosis, and Monckeberg medial calcific sclerosis.
What causes arteriosclerosis?